In 1793, Alexander Hamilton, then secretary of the treasury, prepared a list of, “every person holding any civil office... under the United States..." The list is important to a modern debate. The constitution ordinarily prohibits any person holding, " office... under the United States " from accepting gifts from a foreign state (U.S. Const. art. 1:9). Does this apply to the president? Could he accept foreign gifts -- such as a Qatari 747-8 ? Scholars have argued that Ha